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Definition. Limited Engagement refers to situations where a young adult is only partly engaging, inconsistently engaging, or refusing to engage with parents, providers, school supports, or some combination of these.

Warning Signs and Early Support

It is easy to overlook early warning signs or dismiss them as normal at this age. Young adults may mask or minimize symptoms, presenting as “fine.” They may continue to function outwardly while struggling internally. In some situations, the first clear sign is the crisis itself. Sometimes changes in functioning, mood, behavior, or thinking from a person’s previous baseline may signal a decline in mental health.

Warning Signs

Changes in daily functioning
  • class attendance or grades
  • hygiene or self-care
  • sleep (too much, too little, or reversed day/night)
  • appetite or weight
Changes in mood and behavior
  • Irritability
  • anxiety
  • sadness
  • loss of interest
  • withdrawal
  • communication patterns
  • agitation
Changes in thinking and perception
  • new difficulty concentrating
  • not thinking clearly
  • suspicion or unusual beliefs about others
  • hearing, seeing, or believing things others do not
Additional warning signs related to substance use, which may cause or accompany mental illness
  • Changes in peer group
  • secrecy
  • unexplained need for money
  • drug paraphernalia
  • unusual smells